Radiology - Conditions (Subscribe)  

Syphilis is the result of an infection by Trepomena Pallidum, a spirochaete. The organism is usually sensitive to Penicillin and its late manifestations are now rare. The radiologically visible complications are related to local bone reactions and bone destruction (gumma) or due to the neuropathic changes from the nervous system involvement.

The radiograph will show bone destruction and this process will breach fibrous tissues boundaries more easily than will tumour. Disc space loss would be a characteristic feature of spinal disease, as well as the patches of bone destruction. In Central Middlesex Hospital cases, any bone or joint may be affected....

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy aka RSD, Sudek's Atrophy Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) affects extremities. It is also known as Sudek's atrophy. Hand-shoulder syndrome. Etiology unknown but felt to be neural s/p Trauma of any degree. Myocardial infarction (usually left hand). Post surgical. Many others. Clinically, one observes Pain. Skin findings including STS,...

Sudeck dystrophy, causalgia, shoulder-hand syndrome, post-traumatic osteoporosis
* pain, tenderness, soft tissue swelling out of proportion to injury
* vasomotor instability (Raynaud, vasoconstriction/-dilation)
* end stage (6-12 months): contractures, atrophy (skin and soft tissues)
* location: hands and...

* males
* a/w GC ??
* polyarthritis
o feet (Launois deformity ??)
o SI joints
...

types:
1. glomerular form (chronic glomerulonephritis)
2. tubular form (congenital renal osteodystrophy)
* osteomalacia (adults): acquired insensitivity to vitamin D
o diffuse osteopenia
o...

Radiology case 454-3282 Mature adult male with pain in the left knee.
There is a patchy sclerotic process in the proximal metaphysis of the tibia and extending postero-medially and into the tibial spines. There is loss of tibial cortico-medullary distinction as the process reaches the postero-medial bone cortex. At this point,...

relative or absolute deficiency of vitamin D
* presents by 3-6 months, almost always <2 yrs
xray:
* loss of zone of provisional calcification
* wide physis (> 1 mm)(increased osteoid)
* cupping, fraying + irregularity of metaphyses
* bowing of long bones
* decreased bone density
* rachitic rosary
* periosteal reaction

Radiology case 438-571 Clinical presentation: Two and a half year old asian child, failure to walk and thrive.
There is widening of the epiphyseal plate with visible soft tissue swelling separating epiphyses and metaphyses. The metaphyses are broadened and cupped around the epiphyses, particularly of radius ulna and metacarpals. The provisional zone...

Radiology case 458-571 Clinical presentation: 3 year old child of recent immigrants from India, not walking properly.
There is a varus deformity of both legs with bowed tibiae. The epiphyseal plates are widened and all the metaphyses are broad and irregular, relative to the epiphyses. Additionally, the distal tibial metaphyses appear cupped...

* scaphoid "ring" sign
* Terry Thomas sign (scapho-lunate dissociation)

Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of shoulder pain. Clinical and radiographic findings can suggest the presence of a rotator cuff tear. The most sensitive clinical findings are impingement and the "arc of pain" sign. Radiographic findings are usually normal in the acute setting, although the "active abduction" view...

# agenesis or hypoplasia of sacrum
* part of caudal-regression syndrome
* a/w maternal diabetes
* +/- inherited
* possible features:
o absent lower extremities
...

Radiology case 337-79 Clinical presentation: Adult woman with abdominal pain and changed bowel habit.
There is sclerosis of both Sacro-iliac joints with loss of definition of the joint margins. Incidental lymph-node calcification projected over lumbar spine. Early osteoarthrosis noted in both hips (no erosive change).

classification of epiphyseal fractures
I - pure epiphyseal separation
if non-displaced, jt effusion may be only sign
II - metaphyseal fracture + epiphyseal separation
III - epiphyseal fracture
IV - vertically oriented fx thru epiphysis + metaphysis
V - crush injury of epiphysis (not detected acutely)
*...