Radiology - Conditions (Subscribe)  

Radiology case 454-3451 Clinical presentation: 43 year old female with pain in leg after a fall.
Well circumscribed expanding lesion in the proximal metaphysis and adjacent diaphysis of the left tibia. Anteriorly in the lateral view, a stepped break in the cortex over the lesion indicates a fracture and is probably responsible...

TB spondylitis
* TB is most common infection of pediatric spine
* paraspinal abscess
* +/- calcification
DDx:
* nontuberculous spondylitis
* primary or metastatic neoplasm (rarely only at 1 level)
* histiocytosis (usually --> collapse {vert plana})

30 year old female and a recent immigrant from the Sudan, admitted complaining of a 3 week history of pain and swelling in the right ankle. The superficial clinical features resembled an osteomyelitis.
The plain films show a destructive process expanding the distal metaphysis of the right tibia. The endosteal margin...

Malignant bone tumours are commonest at the age, when growth is greatest, the growth-spurt of puberty. The commonest location is around the knee, a location where the neighbouring bones are increasing their length relatively faster than anywhere else. Clinicians are advised to have a high index of suspicion. The presenting...

types:
1. true psoriatic arthritis (1/3)
2. resembling rheumatoid arthritis (1/3)
3. combination of psoriatic and RA (1/3)
findings:
* no juxta-articular osteoporosis (unlike RA)
* periosteal reaction frequent
* assymetrical destruction of DIP with...

* autosomal recessive
* dense, sclerotic bones [Cf: osteopetrosis (sporadic, not inherited)]
Features:
* open cranial sutures + fontanelles
* Wormian bones
* dolichocephaly
* sclerotic vertebrae
* fractured long bones
* short, stubby hands
* partial agenesis/aplasia of terminal phalanges [simulates acro-osteolysis]

Achondroplasia is the commonest disproportionate dwarfism. It is inherited as an autosomal dominent. 85% of case incidence is from a spontaneous mutation. The main feature is a symmetrical proximal limb shortening, rhizomelia, the humeri and femora are particularly affected. Metaphyseal irregularity takes the form of cupping or a 'V' shaped...

The pathology is of a soft tissue tumour, which appears derived from endothelial elements. The cases are classified as a developmental abnormality. Thinking on the origin of all angiomas is that they probably result from proliferation of residual collections of vascular precursors remaining after organogenesis. The group can be divided...

This is a fairly common bone tumour. It present in the older patient unless there is a pathological fracture. The lesion is usually within a diaphysis. 50% occur in the hand, 10% in the feet, 20% in the long bones. It is often multiple. It has a well-defined endosteal margin,...

Cleido-cranial dysostosis is an abnormality, primarily of membrane bone. It is inherited and is autosomal dominant. The name of the condition indicates those bones that comprise significant or total membrane bone components. Other bones show changes including delayed maturity.

Congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH.) is commoner in girls and is associated with a shallow acetabulum with an altered angle of the femoral head. In the child the femoral head is angled forward, ante-verted, to a greater angle than in the adult. This angle is even larger in CDH....

Movement of the spine will compress the disc more on the inside of the curve. The distortion will vary with the degree of flexion-extension in the cervical and lumbar regions. The facets in the thoracic spine permit very little flexion, but allow rotation where the centre of radius of the...

Dislocation in the spine is special. The vertebra are arranged to be a mobile column of bony rings that supports the weight of the body and allows trunk rotation. Displcement of one vertebral realtive to another is serious, unless it is rotation of parts about an axis that is the...

Given its requirement for mobility and less restrictive geometry, the shoulder is a common instance of dislocation. The humeral head is usually displaced anteriorly below the glenoid, which bears against or near the greater tuberosity. If chronic this will produce a defect in the humerus, the Hill-Sachs defect in the...

Dyschondroplasia and dysplasia involving epiphyseal plate
The grouping comprises those congenital conditions that are associated with persistence or metaplasia of the original bone matrix to form rests of cartilage within or on the surface of a bone. The listing includes: Diaphyseal aclasis, Dysplasia epiphysialis hemimelica, enchondromatosis and its variants. I have...