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Hand infections can vary from routine problems (treated with oral antibiotics, immobilization, and limited incision and drainage)1 to catastrophic surgical emergencies (resulting in significant compromise of hand function). The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic approach to the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hand infections.
Synonyms and related...

Human bite wounds are notoriously deceptive and are often underestimated and undertreated. While controversies regarding optimal management continue, the basic tenets of meticulous wound care are no different than those for contaminated wounds.
Don R Revis Jr, MD 2008

Clinical Relevance The approaches presented here may offer new strategies for developing biofilm-resistant orthopaedic materials. Specifically, polymerizable derivatives of traditional antibiotics may allow for direct polymerization into existing materials such as PMMA bone cement while minimizing mechanical property compromise. Questions remain regarding ideal monomer structure(s) that confer biologic and mechanical benefits.
Inhibition...

Klebsiellae have also been incriminated in nosocomial infections. Common sites include the urinary tract, lower respiratory tract, biliary tract, and surgical wound sites. The spectrum of clinical syndromes includes pneumonia, bacteremia, thrombophlebitis, urinary tract infection (UTI), cholecystitis, diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, wound infection, osteomyelitis, and meningitis. The presence of...

Radiology for the surgeon: Musculoskeletal case 40 M. Al-Heidous, P.L. Munk Can J Surg, Vol. 50, No. 6, December 2007
A 35-year-old male patient was referred to the orthopedic clinic complaining of right foot swelling. Clinical examina- tion revealed diffuse nontender foot swelling associated with multiple discharg- ing sinuses.

Results The strongest biofilms were formed by S. aureus and S. epidermidis on polyethylene and the weakest on titanium. The highest quantity of biofilm formation was reached within 7 days for both bacteria. The presence of excretions/secretions reduced biofilm formation on all biomaterials. A maximum of 92% of biofilm reduction was...

From Emerging Infectious Diseases Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Extremity Infections in Soldiers Posted 08/11/2005 Kepler A. Davis; Kimberly A. Moran; C. Kenneth McAllister; Paula J. Gray Abstract War wound infection and osteomyelitis caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter species have been prevalent during the 2003–2005 military operations in Iraq. Twenty-three soldiers wounded in Iraq and subsequently...

Research Focus Musculoskeletal Manifestations of HIV Infection from The AIDS Reader ® Posted 03/25/2003 Ann-Marie Plate, MD, Brian A. Boyle, MD Introduction Musculoskeletal disorders are relatively common during the course of HIV infection, although they are more prevalent in the late stages of disease. These disorders cause a significant amount of morbidity, and occasionally mortality, in...

Major Teaching resource on orthopaedic infections. Requires registration for full text.

Peptostreptococcus infections can occur in all body sites, including the CNS, head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, skin, bone, joint, and soft tissues. Inadequate therapy against these anaerobic bacteria may lead to clinical failures. Because of their fastidiousness, peptostreptococci are difficult to isolate and are often overlooked. Isolating them requires appropriate...

Proteus species are part of the Enterobacteriaceae family of gram-negative bacilli. Proteus organisms are implicated as serious causes of infections in humans, along with Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Serratia species.
Gus Gonzalez, MD & Michael Stuart Bronze, MD 2006

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become an important cause of infection, especially in patients with compromised host defense mechanisms. It is the most common pathogen isolated from patients who have been hospitalized longer than 1 week. It is a frequent cause of nosocomial infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and...

Leprosy results from an infection with mycobacterium leprae. Clinical infections may present with thickened skin or a late presenting reaction in the tissues with granuloma formation and neuropathy. The process forms a sort-of granuloma with fat and bacteria-filled cells. The presence of HIV does not seem to affect the course...

Definition Synovitis Acne -- commonly involving the face and upper back. Pustulosis -- usually involving the palms of the hands and/or soles of the feet (palmo-plantar pustulosis). Hyperostosis Osteitis SAPHO syndrome is thought to comprise a spectrum of disorders that share some clinical, radiologic and pathologic characteristics. An entity known as...

SAPHO syndrome is thought to comprise a spectrum of disorders that share some clinical, radiologic and pathologic characteristics. An entity known as chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) was first described in 1972. Subsequently in 1978 several cases of CRMO were associated with clinical findings of palmoplantar pustulosis. Since then, a... Uncertain