Radiology - Signs (Subscribe)  

lion-like facies
* form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
* involves skull and facial bones

Radiology case 453-492 80 year old woman admitted with swelling of the left knee after a fall, during which she lost conciousness.
There is a distended supra-patellar pouch with an anterior linear margin. This is marked by a fine line of fat density, which is separated from the supra-patellar fat behind...

Radiology case 471-571 26 year old lady with bone pain, immigrant originally from India.
The posterior borders of 2nd and 3rd ribs, on both sides, show almost symmetrical low density lines crossing the each rib with sclerotic margins. These areas mark regions of mechanical stress, which is related to neighbouring attachments...

Mnemonic FOGMACHINES
Differential Diagnosis of Solitary Lucent Bone Lesions
F* Fibrous Dysplasia
O* Osteoblastoma
G* Giant Cell Tumor
M* Metastasis / Myeloma
A* Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
C* Chondroblastoma / Chondromyxoid Fibroma
H* Hyperparathyroidism (brown tumors) / Hemangioma
I* Infection
N* Non-ossifying Fibroma
E* Eosinophilic Granuloma / Enchondroma
S * Solitary Bone Cyst

line from posterior hard palate to base of occiput
* if dens is> 4.5 mm ==> basilar invagination
* easier to use than Chamberlain's line

* chronic rotator cuff tear
* calcific tendonitis (calcium hydroxyapatite)

* traumatic
* infectious
o septic
o granulomatous (TB, etc.)
* crystal-induced (gout, CPPD)
* rheumatoid arthritis
* pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVS)

neuropathic (Charcot) joint
6 D's
* destruction
* increased density
* dislocation
* debris
* distension
* disorganization

Radiology case 378-1243 Clinical presentation: Patient with haematuria and undergoing CT scan. Intravenous injection of contrast was given a lower limb vein.
The images shows an irregular filling defect in the inferior vena cava. The partial block of the vena cava has forced contrast into collateral veins. Among these are extradural...

One of the most common findings in skeletal radiology is increased radiolucency of bone, most properly termed osteopenia. This term is much preferred over terms such as "demineralization" or "undermineralization", since we really can't tell the exact mineral status of the patient's bone from the radiograph alone. The most common...

The periosteum is a membrane several cell layers thick that covers almost all of every bone. About the only parts not covered by this membrane are the parts covered by cartilage. Besides covering the bone and sharing some of its blood supply with the bone, it also produces bone when...

in adults:
* hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA)
* pachydermoperiostosis
* vascular insufficiency
* thyroid acropachy
* fluorosis
in kids:
* physiologic periostosis
* Caffey disease
* JRA
* acute leukemia
* scurvy
* rickets
* congenital syphilis
* hypervitaminosis A

Pattern	Most Indicative of
buttressing	eosinophilic granuloma
laminated or hair-on-end	Ewing sarcoma
Codman triangle or sunburst	osteo- or chondrosarcoma

* Ellis-van Creveld
* Laurence-Moon-Biedle
* trisomy 13-15
* simple polydactyly
* Carpenter syndrome
* Meckel-Gruber syndrome

Mnemonic AMEN
A acromegaly achondroplasia
M Marfan syndrome mucopolysaccharidoses (Morquio dz, Hurler syndrome)
E Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
N neurofibromatosis