Thoracic Scoliosis Wheeless

Description: Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
progression: - rt thoracic curves> 50 deg are at highest risk for progression (1 deg/yr) followed by Rt lumbar curves; - single thoracic curves> 70-75 deg at growth completion progress an average of about 17 deg; - high thoracic or cervicothoracic curves usually are of congenital etiology and rarely are idiopathic & often produce major deformity; - left thoracic scoliosis is rare, and evaluation of spinal cord by MRI, is performed to rule out cord abnormalities;