Knee Arthrocentesis eMedicine Procedures

Description: Arthrocentesis (synovial fluid aspiration) can be performed diagnostically (for identification of the etiology of acute arthritis) or therapeutically (for pain relief, drainage of septic effusion, or injection of medications).1,2 The clinician performing the procedure should be familiar with the anatomy of the specific joint in order to avoid puncture of tendons, blood vessels, and nerves. Using the extensor surface of the joint for needle insertion, while keeping the joint in minimal flexion, minimizes the risk of such injuries.
Gil Z Shlamovitz, MD Updated: Feb 26, 2009