Septic Arthritis eMedicine Orthopedics

Description: Septic arthritis is inflammation of a synovial membrane with purulent effusion into the joint capsule, usually due to bacterial infection. This disease entity also is referred to in the literature as bacterial, suppurative, purulent, or infectious arthritis. Septic arthritis is a rather rare but important disease that typically affects monoarticular joints. The age range of those affected is broad, from the neonatal period to advanced age. Treatment consists of a combined medical and surgical approach. Septic arthritis usually is divided into gonococcal and nongonococcal arthritis, as clinical and treatment regimens differ. In adults, septic arthritis most commonly affects the knee; in children, infection into the hip joint predominates. Despite advances in diagnostic studies, powerful antibiotics, and early drainage, significant joint destruction commonly occurs.
Synonyms and related keywords: bacterial arthritis, suppurative arthritis, purulent arthritis, infectious arthritis
Munoz & Raycraft 2006