Fractures (Subscribe)  

The AO Surgery Reference is a website describing the whole surgical management process, including decision-making support, approaches, and surgical procedures. Highly Reputable

Fractures will heal without surgery - sometimes. For the past 50,000 years that hominids have been present, in all but the last 100 years, their fractures healed without surgery. There is no question that we have had many a short legged, crooked armed, gimpy ancestor - but their fractures did... Highly Reputable

AONA posting of the AO Classification of Long Bone Fractures Highly Reputable

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Vol 44, 241-245 LJ Donaldson, A Cook and RG Thomson 1990
The aim was to describe the population based age and sex specific incidence of fractures at different sites in a large English health district.
The overall estimated annual incidence of fractures was 100 per...

Bone mineral density changes during fracture healing: a densitometric study in rats P. J. Millett (1), B. Cohen (2), M. J. Allen (3), N. Rushton (2) Research conducted at the Orthopaedic Research Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, UK Summary: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a quantitative technique for determination of bone mineral density...

OTA Abstract 1998
The purpose of this investigation was to compare the effects of unreamed nail insertion and limited or standard canal reaming, prior to insertion of an intramedullary nail, on cortical bone porosity and new bone formation.
Conclusions: The technique of limited reaming may be advantageous for the treatment of tibial...

Lecture notes handout on radiology of fractures

Principles of Bone Healing from Neurosurg Focus 10(4), 2001 Iain H. Kalfas, M.D., F.A.C.S. Department of Neurosurgery, Section of Spinal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio Abstract Our contemporary understanding of bone healing has evolved due to knowledge gleaned from a continuous interaction between basic laboratory investigations and clinical observations following procedures to augment...

Medscape 2002 Report on fracture healing from OTA meeting

eMedicine updated 2010
A fracture is defined as a disruption in the integrity of a living bone, involving injury to the bone marrow, periosteum, and adjacent soft tissues. Many types of fractures exist, such as pathologic, stress, and greenstick fractures. When a fracture occurs, it is described radiographically and clinically in...

Objectives: We investigated the frequency and distribution of childhood fractures seen at the emergency service of Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
Conclusion: In our area, child fractures generally result from falls in summer and spring months and at play hours and are generally treated with conservative methods. Distal radius...

The bones of the skull and face collectively make up the most complex area of skeletal real estate in the body. Analysis of the fractured face requires a knowledge of not only normal anatomy, but also of common fracture patterns in the face.

Fractures have been treated with immobilization, traction, amputation, and internal fixation throughout history. Immobilization by casting, bracing, or splinting a joint above and below the fracture was used for most long bone fractures, with the exception of the femur, for which traction was the mainstay of treatment. In the past,...

Subdivided into regional categories -
* Shoulder Girdle
* Elbow and Forearm
* Wrist and Hand
* Pelvis, Proximal femur
* Knee and Leg
* Ankle and Foot
* Chest wall

Video and Discussion of skin traction vs skeletal traction from Department of Orthopaedic Surgery - University Stellenbosch, South Africa