OWL: OCOSH Classification/Bone Diseases/Orthopaedic Oncology/Connective and Soft Tissue Neoplasms/Bone Neoplasms/Osteosarcoma

Chemotherapy Plus Muramyl Tripeptide Improves Osteosarcoma Survival

Gale — 2008-03-30 23:29:55 GMT

The addition of muramyl tripeptide (MTP) to conventional chemotherapy for the treatment of osteosarcoma reduces mortality by about 30%, according to findings from long-term follow-up of a phase III trial.
Medscape summary of Meyers et al J Clin Oncol 2008;26:633-638.

Classic Osteosarcoma eMedicine Radiology

Hide — 2008-03-30 23:29:55 GMT

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, excluding plasma cell myeloma. Classic, or conventional, osteosarcoma represents the most common variant of osteosarcoma, accounting for approximately 75% of all lesions. Osteosarcoma can affect any bone and is treated by a combination of surgical excision and chemotherapy.
Synonyms and related keywords: conventional osteosarcoma, chondroblastic osteosarcoma, osteoblastic osteosarcoma, fibroblastic osteosarcoma, high-grade intramedullary osteosarcoma
Geoff Hide 2007

Classic Osteosarcoma Wheeless

Wheeless — 2007-03-28 23:29:55 GMT

Discussion: - malignant tumor of bone in which neoplastic osteoid is produced by a proliferating spindle cell stroma; - most common primary malignant bone tumor of mesenchymal derivation; - arises in adolescents & affects males slightly more often than females. - affected sites: - occurs in region of knee (distal femur or proximal tibia) in 50% of pts; - other sites include proximal humerus, proximal femur, & pelvis; - most osteosarcomas occur in the metaphysis; - infrequently occurs in the spine - classification: - classic - telangiectatic - parosteal - periosteal

High Grade Intramedullary Osteosarcoma Pre-Test and Tutorial

Frassica & Sim — 2007-03-27 23:29:55 GMT

Section of Orthopedics Hyperguide

Low-Grade Central Osteosarcoma eMedicine Orthopedics

Dedmond & Eady — 2008-04-07 23:29:55 GMT

Osteosarcoma of bone is a high-grade tumor with a long-term survival rate of 60-85%. Several variants of osteosarcoma exist. High-grade variants include telangiectatic osteosarcoma, small-cell osteosarcoma, high-grade surface osteosarcoma, and secondary osteosarcoma. Other variants, such as low-grade central osteosarcoma, parosteal osteosarcoma, and periosteal osteosarcoma, are less aggressive entities with a lower rate of metastasis and a long-term survival rate approaching 90%. Low-grade central osteosarcoma is a rare variant of osteosarcoma that is often mistaken for fibrous dysplasia.
Synonyms and related keywords: well-differentiated intramedullary osteosarcoma, low-grade intraosseous osteosarcoma, central osteosarcoma of low-grade malignancy, low-grade endosteal osteosarcoma
Dedmond & Eady 2007

Orthopedic Surgery Options for the Treatment of Primary Osteosarcoma Medscape

Marulanda et al — 2008-03-30 23:29:55 GMT

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary neoplasm of bone. Orthopedic procedures are essential components in the multidisciplinary treatment of osteosarcoma. Limb-salvaging procedures offer adequate disease control comparable to the results obtained by amputations. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the various types of amputations and the limb-salvaging techniques for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
German A. Marulanda, MD; Eric R. Henderson, MD; David A. Johnson, PA-C, G.; Douglas Letson, MD; David Cheong, MD Cancer Control. 2008;15(1):13-20.

Osteosarcoma

Collaborative — 2006-12-02 23:29:55 GMT

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor. Osteosarcoma tends to occur in children and young adults typically 10-25 or 30 years of age. Osteosarcomas also tend to occur in patients in the sixth decade, likely related to malignant degeneration of Paget's disease. It is said that they tend to occur most often towards the end of long bones in the metaphyseal region but they can also arise in the diaphysis and there is enough variation that this parameter is not terribly helpful in differentiation. A typical osteosarcoma is destructive with associated sclerosis from either malignant bone formation or reactive sclerosis. There are multiple types of osteosarcoma. The most common of which is the Conventional Osteosarcoma which accounts for 75% of cases. Conventional osteosarcoma is typically located around the knee and is a very aggressive lesion associated with a soft tissue mass, cortical destruction, a permeative pattern of bone change. Most demonstrate some degree of osteoid matrix. Conventional osteosarcomas commonly arise in the metadiaphysis but regularly (75%) cross the physis to involve the epiphysis. The distal femur and proximal tibia are the bones most commonly involved, followed by the humerus and iliac wing. They have a rapid doubling rate, are often large when discovered and are aggressive in appearance. Lesions are typically permeative with a wide zone of transition. Cortical breakthrough can be seen typically with a large soft tissue mass. Periosteal reaction typically presents with a Codman�s triangle or sunburst pattern. At least 90% of conventional osteosarcomas produce osteoid matrix in variable quantities which alters their radiographic appearance. Lesions that are dense appear low in signal on T1 and T2 sequences and if they are less dense, typically will be low signal on T1 and higher signal on T2 imaging. Diagnostic Radiology/Musculoskeletal Imaging/Tumors Basic/Osteosarcoma From Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection

Osteosarcoma Doctors Doctor

Not Available — 2007-07-07 23:29:55 GMT

This is one of the most common primary bone tumors usually presenting within the first two decades of life. It presents in long bones during periods of the most active bone growth. It most commonly presents with pain and soft tissue swelling of 1-8 months duration. Surprisingly, pathologic fractures are present in only 5% of cases. With combination chemotherapy and surgery, cure rates as high as 70-80% have been obtained when prior to this, only 10-20% 5 year survival rates were achieved.
Conventional intramedullary osteosarcomas comprise 90% of all osteosarcomas but there are several important variants. These are listed below and described in detail in the outline.
Multifocal
Telangiectatic
Small cell
Intraosseous well-differentiated
Intracortical
Periosteal
Paraosteal
High-grade surface

Osteosarcoma eMedicine Orthopedics

Mehlman & Cripe — 2008-03-30 23:29:55 GMT

This article focuses on high-grade intramedullary osteosarcoma (also referred to as simply osteosarcoma), including its classic osteoblastic form and its fibroblastic and chondroblastic forms. Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor.1, 2 This disease is thought to arise from primitive mesenchymal bone-forming cells, and its histologic hallmark is the production of malignant osteoid. Other cell populations may also be present, as these types of cells may also arise from pluripotential mesenchymal cells, but any area of malignant bone in the lesion establishes the diagnosis as osteosarcoma. The mainstay of therapy is surgical removal of the malignant lesion. Most often, limb-sparing (limb-preserving) procedures can be used to treat patients with this disease and, thus, preserve function. Chemotherapy is also required to treat micrometastatic disease, which is present but often not detectable in most patients (about 80%) at the time of diagnosis.
Synonyms and related keywords: osteogenic sarcoma, osteoblastic osteosarcoma, chondroblastic osteosarcoma, fibroblastic osteosarcoma, multifocal osteosarcoma, high-grade intramedullary osteosarcoma, typical osteosarcoma, classic osteosarcoma, conventional osteosarcoma, variant osteosarcoma, primary osteosarcoma, synchronous osteosarcoma, metachronous osteosarcoma, unicameral bone cyst, osteofibrous dysplasia, Campanacci tumor, periosteal osteosarcoma, malignant bone cancer, bone cancer
Mehlman & Cripe 2008

Osteosarcoma eMedicine Pediatrics

Cripe — 2008-03-30 23:29:55 GMT

Osteosarcoma is the third most common cancer in adolescence, occurring less frequently than only lymphomas and brain tumors. It is thought to arise from a primitive mesenchymal bone-forming cell and is characterized by production of osteoid. The mainstay of therapy is removal of the lesion. Limb-sparing procedures can often be used to preserve function. Chemotherapy is also required to treat micrometastatic disease, which is present but not detectable in most patients at diagnosis.
Synonyms and related keywords: osteosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, osteoblastic osteosarcoma, chondroblastic osteosarcoma, fibroblastic osteosarcoma, telangiectatic osteosarcoma, multifocal osteosarcoma, parosteal osteosarcoma, periosteal osteosarcoma, bone cancer, bone tumor, fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma
Cripe 2006

Osteosarcoma SA Registrars Notebook

Not Available — 2007-07-06 23:29:55 GMT

Primary tumour arising from bone and producing bone with variants depending on the appearance of the prominent cell type (may look like a fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma or myxosarcoma)

Osteosarcoma Treatment PDQ

Not Available — 2007-07-10 23:29:55 GMT

Osteosarcoma/Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone (PDQ�): Treatment
This cancer treatment information summary provides an overview of the prognosis, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of osteosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone.

Osteosarcoma Variants eMedicine Radiology

Hide — 2008-03-30 23:29:55 GMT

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, excluding plasma cell myeloma. Approximately 75% of all osteosarcomas are of the classic or conventional type, and the remaining 25% comprise the osteosarcoma variants, which are the subject of this article. The variants are a heterogeneous group of osteosarcomas with a range of different imaging and behavioral features.
Frequency of osteosarcoma variants in the United States

Tumor, Frequency(%)
Telangiectatic 3.5-11
Parosteal 3-4
Periosteal 1-2
Gnathic 6-9
Small cell 1
Intraosseous, low grade <1
Surface, high grade <1
Secondary 5-7
Synonyms and related keywords: primary malignant tumor of bone, bone tumor, bone malignancy
Geoff Hide 2007

Pagets Sarcoma

Lane & Minkowitz — 2007-07-01 23:29:55 GMT

Authors: Joseph Lane, M.D. and Reuven B. Minkowitz, New York, NY The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the anatomic considerations, natural history, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prognosis and management of Paget's osteosarcoma.
Outline - I. Introduction II. Historical Perspective III. Anatomic and Physciologic Considerations IV. Natural History and Classifications V. Diagnosis and Recognition VII. Summary X. References XI. Patient Education Summary

Pagets Sarcoma SA Registrars Notebook

Not Available — 2007-07-06 23:29:55 GMT

Brief notes on Incidence, Pathology and Prognosis