OWL: OCOSH Classification/Investigations/Radiology - General/Radiology - Signs

Schmorl node CHORUS

Yong H. Hahn, MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

chondrification defects where periosteal vessels penetrate cartilage plates of disc
* Xray:
o concave defects at upper and lower vertebral endplates with sharp margins produced by herniation of disc material
* MRI:
o similar signal intensity as disc
o low signal intensity of rim
o associated with narrow disc space
DDx: "SHOOT"
* Scheuermann disease
* hyperparathyroidism
* osteoporosis
* osteomalacia
* trauma

2010 The ischial spine sign CORR Open Access

Kakaty et al — 2011-05-04 00:53:46 GMT

Although the ischial spine sign (ISS) has been advocated to detect acetabular retroversion, it is unknown whether the sign is valid on anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiographs with tilted or rotated pelves. We therefore evaluated reliability of the ISS as a tool for diagnosing acetabular retroversion in the presence of considerable pelvic tilt and/or malrotation. We obtained radiographs of 20 cadaver pelves in 19 different malorientations resulting in 380 pelvis images (760 hips) for evaluation. In addition, 129 clinical radiographs of patients� hips that had varying pelvis orientations were reviewed. We found an overall sensitivity of 81% (90%), specificity of 70% (71%), positive predictive value of 77% (80.7%), and negative predictive value of 75% (85%) in the cadaver (patient) hips. Our data suggest the ISS is a valid tool for diagnosing acetabular retroversion on plain radiographs taken using a standardized technique regardless of the degree of pelvic tilt and rotation.
The ischial spine sign: does pelvic tilt and rotation matter? Kakaty DK, Fischer AF, Hosalkar HS, Siebenrock KA, Tannast M. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010 Mar;468(3):769-74 (full text)

absent distal clavicle

Not Available — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

absent distal clavicle
Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD - 2 February 1995

absent nasal septum

Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

absent nasal septum

* cocaine
* Wegener's (midline lethal granuloma)
* surgery
* trauma
* syphilis
* sarcoid
Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD - 2 February 1995

anterior vertebral scalloping CHORUS

Brian Funaki, MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

anterior vertebral scalloping
* Hodgkin's disease
* aortic aneurysm
* tuberculosis of the spine

arachnodactyly CHORUS

Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

arachnodactyly
* Marfan syndrome
* homocystinuria

atlantoaxial subluxation CHORUS

Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

arthritic
congenital
infectious
traumatic

Bankhart deformity CHORUS

Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

* osteochondral fracture of inferior glenoid labrum
* a/w anterior shoulder dislocation

basilar invagination CHORUS

Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

dens projects into base of skull
o McGregor's line > 4.5 mm
o Chamberlain's line > 3 mm
* may --> obstructive hydrocephalus
etiology:
* 1' anomalies of occiput, atlas, axis
* softened bone: rickets / osteomalacia, Paget's dz
* fibrous dysplasia
* dysostoses: OI, achondroplasia, cleidocranial dysostosis

bone scan - falsely negative metastases CHORUS

Ruth Carlos, MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

* anaplastic tumors
* reticulum cell sarcoma
* renal cell Ca
* thyroid Ca
* histiocytosis
* neuroblastoma
* multiple myeloma (positive scan usually due to recent or impending fx)

bone within a bone CHORUS

Brian Funaki, MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

mnemonic "STOP heavy metal"
* S: sickle cell disease
* T: Thorotrast
* O: osteopetrosis
* P: Paget's disease
* heavy metals
* hypervitaminosis D

brachydactyly CHORUS

Brian Funaki, MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

excessively shortened tubular bones in hands and feet
* During the period of bone growth, the hallmark is "cone epiphysis," the apex of which protrudes into the adjacent metaphysis. Epiphyses close prematurely leading to short, broad tubular bones.

bubbly bone lesion CHORUS

Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

Multiple radiolucencies
* fibrous dysplasia
* enchondroma
* giant cell tumor (GCT)
* non-ossifying fibroma
* osteoblastoma
* myeloma
* aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)
* angioma
* simple (solitary, unicameral) bone cyst
* hyperparathyroid cyst
* infection (Brodie's abscess; coccidioidomycosis; echinococcus)
* chondromyxoid fibroma
* chondroblastoma

bullet shaped vertebrae CHORUS

Brian Funaki, MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

DDx:
* Morquio disease
* achondroplasia
* Hurler disease

calcium hydroxy apatite CHORUS

Charles E. Kahn, Jr., MD — 2002-01-31 00:53:46 GMT

* all calcification in soft tissues is hydroxyapatite
* except cartilage (chondrocalcinosis): calcium pyrophosphate