OWL: OCOSH Classification/Trauma/Fractures/Humeral Fractures/Humeral Condyle Fractures

Capitellar and Coronal Shear Fractures Wheeless

C.R.Wheeless — 2002-02-04 11:13:47 GMT

Fractures of the Capitellum
- uncommon fracture which is difficult to diagnose if fracture fragment is small;
- any effusion within the elbow joint together with displacement of fat pads suggests either a capitellum fracture or nondisplaced fracture of radial head
Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics

Capitellar Fracture eMedicine Orthopedics

Janos P Ertl, MD — 2008-01-17 11:13:47 GMT

Article by Janos P Ertl, MD 2007
Because of the rarity of capitellar fractures, controversies exist regarding the most appropriate treatment. The fracture fragment is intra-articular and requires treatment and reduction to reestablish normal elbow motion. Difficulty arises from the varying sizes of the fracture fragment and from the amount of suitable subchondral bone that is present to achieve stable fixation and to allow early elbow motion. Failure of adequate intervention may result in an incongruous joint, as well as in stiffness, instability, and chronic pain.
Synonyms and related keywords: capitellum fractures, Hahn-Steinthal fractures, Kocher-Lorenz fractures, elbow fracture, broken arm, arm fracture, distal humerus fractures

Capitellum Fracture Gentili

Gentili — 2008-01-17 11:13:47 GMT

Fractures of the capitellum are the result of direct trauma to the extremity. In pediatric patients, this site is the second most common site of injury about the elbow. (illustrated)

Distal Humerus Fractures - AO Surgery Reference

David Ring, Daniel Rikli, Mariusz Bonczar — 2007-06-30 11:13:47 GMT

This module shows step-by-step descriptions of

Diagnosis
Patient preparation
Approaches
Reduction & fixation
Aftercare

for all distal humeral fractures of the AO classification system.
In addition, there are videos, animations, journal articles and book chapters.

Authored by David Ring, Daniel Rikli, Mariusz Bonczar; Executive editor: Chris Colton

Elbow Condylar Fractures Wheeless

C.R.Wheeless — 2002-02-04 11:13:47 GMT

Menu of topics
- Adult Condylar Fractures: (surgical technique)
- capitellar and coronal shear frx
- distal humerus frx:
- lateral condyle frx:
- medial condyle frx:
- distal humeral non union:
- ulnar nerve in condylar fractures:
- Pediatric Elbow Injuries
- distal humeral physeal separation:
- lateral condyle frx, pediatric
- medial epicondyle frx of the humerus
- supracondylar frx of humerus
Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics

Fractures of the Lateral Condyle in Children Wheeless

C.R.Wheeless — 2002-02-04 11:13:47 GMT

- common fracture in children (20% of pediatric elbow fractures);
- occurs most often between 6-10 yrs of age;
- mechanism: fall on the outstretched arm with forearm in abduction & elbow in extension;
- fractures of the lateral condyle of humerus are unstable & tend to become displaced even when immobilized because of pull of forearm extensors;
- these fractures are also prone to non union since the frx is intra-articular & is bathed in synovial fluid
Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics

Kocher fracture CHORUS

Brian Funaki, MD — 2002-01-31 11:13:47 GMT

osteochondral fracture of the capitellum

Lateral Humeral Condyle Fracture eMedicine Orthopedics

Ertl — 2010-10-29 11:13:47 GMT

In 1883, Stimson first described the fracture patterns in lateral condyle fractures in his book Treatise on Fractures. He described the fracture as beginning in the lateral metaphysis proximal to the condyle, coursing distally, and exiting through the articular surface through the medial trochlear notch or through the capitellotrochlear groove. In 1955, Milch recognized the significance of these fracture patterns as they related to elbow stability. Thus, the fracture patterns of the lateral condyle bear his name and are classified as either Milch I or Milch II fractures.
Problem The distal humerus is primarily cartilage at the age when these injuries typically occur, and knowledge of the secondary centers of ossification is necessary to understand the possible fracture patterns. Due to incomplete ossification, the fracture may appear subtle on radiographs as it courses through the cartilage anlage.
Author: Janos P Ertl, MD, Updated April 2010

Medial Humeral Condyle Fracture eMedicine Orthopaedics

Walsh & Patterson — 2008-01-17 11:13:47 GMT

Article by Walsh & Patterson 2004. Updated April 2010
Medial condyle fractures involve a fracture line that extends through and separates the medial metaphysis and epicondyle from the rest of the humerus. By definition, the fracture line must involve the trochlear articular surface. Medial condyle fractures must not be confused with medial epicondylar fractures that involve the medial column but are extraarticular.
Synonyms and related keywords: medial condyle, medial epicondyle, medial column, medial epicondylar apophysis, medial condyle fracture, medial epicondyle fracture, elbow fracture, broken arm, broken elbow