OWL: OCOSH Classification/Bone Diseases/Spinal Diseases/Spondylitis and Spinal Infection/Ankylosing Spondylitis

A Review of the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis Medscape

Dakwar et al — 2008-04-08 14:25:49 GMT

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory rheumatic disease involving primarily the sacroiliac joints and the axial skeleton. The main clinical features are back pain and progressive stiffness of the spine. Oligoarthritis of the hips and shoulders, enthesopathy, and anterior uveitis are common, and involvement of the heart and lungs is rare. The current understanding of the pathogenesis of this disorder is limited. Despite the strong association between human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) and susceptibility to AS reported over the past 30 years, the exact pathogenic role of HLA-B27 in AS and other spondyloarthropathies has yet to be determined. The authors present a review of the literature pertaining to the pathogenesis of AS over the past several decades.
Elias Dakwar, M.D.; Jaypal Reddy, M.D, M.Ch., D.N.B.; Fernando L. Vale, M.D.; Juan S. Uribe, M.D. Neurosurg Focus. 2008;24(1):E2.

ankylosing spondylitis

CHORUS — 2002-01-31 14:25:49 GMT

ankylosing spondylitis

Not available — 2002-01-31 14:25:49 GMT

Radiology case 318-74

Ankylosing spondylitis

Not available — 2002-01-31 14:25:49 GMT

Radiology case 338-74.html

Ankylosing Spondylitis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy eMedicine

Brent — 2007-08-06 14:25:49 GMT

Last Updated: December 6, 2006
Synonyms and related keywords: ankylosing spondylitis, undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy, Marie-Str�mpell disease, von Bechterew disease, von Bechterew's disease, spondyloarthropathies, SpAs, AS, rheumatoid spondylitis, USpA, peripheral enthesitis, sacroiliitis, Schober test, cauda equina syndrome, dactylitis, European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group criteria, Amor criteria, New York criteria, Rome criteria, Romanus lesion, bamboo spine, fused spine, Reiter syndrome, Reiter's syndrome, reactive arthritis, ReA, RS, psoriatic arthritis, PsA, Whipple disease, Beh�et disease, uveitis, iritis, iridocyclitis
Contents: Introduction Clinical Differentials Workup Treatment Medication Follow-up Miscellaneous Pictures Bibliography
Author: Lawrence H Brent, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University; Chair, Program Director, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein Medical Center
Background: The spondyloarthropathies (SpAs) are a family of related disorders that includes ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Reiter syndrome (RS), reactive arthritis (ReA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), spondyloarthropathy associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (USpA), and, possibly, Whipple disease and Beh�et disease. Ankylosing spondylitis is the prototypical SpA and its name means "inflamed spine growing together." It has been designated by various names, including rheumatoid spondylitis in the American literature, spondyloarthrite rhizomegalique in the French literature, and the eponyms Marie-Str�mpell disease and von Bechterew disease.

Ankylosing Spondylitis eMedicine Images

Not Available — 2007-09-22 14:25:49 GMT

Images from eMedicine articles on Ankylosing Spondylitis

Ankylosing Spondylitis eMedicine Neurology

Schaffert — 2007-08-06 14:25:49 GMT

Synonyms and related keywords: ankylosing spondylitis, Marie-Str�mpell arthritis, Bechterew disease, spondyloarthritis, spondyloarthropathy, chronic inflammatory conditions, AS, inflammation of the joints, inflammation of the tendons, inflammation of the ligaments, iritis, uveitis, aortitis, pulmonary fibrosis, amyloidosis, inflammatory bowel disease
Author: Alan Schaffert, MD, Past Chief of Staff, Doctor's Medical Center of Modesto; Voluntary Clinical Faculty, Department of Medicine, University of California at Davis
Spondyloarthritis or spondyloarthropathy refers to a group of chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the joints, tendon and ligament attachments, and sometimes nonskeletal structures. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is one of these inflammatory diseases. It primarily affects the axial joints, including the spine and sacroiliac joints. It causes eventual fusion of the spine. Peripheral joints may be involved.

Ankylosing Spondylitis eMedicine Orthopedics

Humphreys et al — 2007-09-22 14:25:49 GMT

Authors: S Craig Humphreys, MD, Jason C Eck, DO, MS, Scott D Hodges, DO
Contents - Introduction Clinical Differentials Workup Treatment Medication Follow-up Miscellaneous Pictures Bibliography
Synonyms and related keywords: AS, Marie-Strumpell disease, von Bechterew disease, rheumatoid spondylitis, seronegative spondyloarthropathy, reactive arthritis, psoriasis, juvenile chronic arthritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, Crohn's disease, human leukocyte antigen B27, HLA-B27

Ankylosing Spondylitis eMedicine Radiology

Peh — 2007-09-22 14:25:49 GMT

Author: Wilfred CG Peh, MBBS, MHSM, MD, FRCPE, FRCPG, FRCR, Clinical Professor, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Senior Consultant Radiologist, Programme Office, Singapore Health Services
Contents - Introduction Differentials Radiograph CT Scan MRI Nuclear Medicine Intervention Pictures Bibliography
Ankylosing spondylitis is a distinct disease entity characterized by inflammation of multiple articular and para-articular structures, frequently resulting in bony ankylosis. The term ankylosing is derived from the Greek word ankylos, meaning stiffening of a joint, while spondylos means vertebra. Spondylitis refers to inflammation of one or more vertebrae. Ankylosing spondylitis usually is classified as a chronic and progressive form of seronegative arthritis. Ankylosing spondylitis has a predilection for the axial skeleton, affecting particularly the sacroiliac and spinal facet joints and the paravertebral soft tissues. Extraspinal manifestations of the disease include peripheral arthritis, iritis, pulmonary involvement, and systemic upset.

Ankylosing Spondylitis Medscape

Not Available — 2007-09-22 14:25:49 GMT

Search for Medscape pages with Ankylosing Spondylitis in the Title

Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Information ACR

American College of Rheumatology — 2002-01-09 14:25:49 GMT

Fact Sheet; Type "Ankylosing Spondylytis" [without quotes] in search box at this Web Site for additional information.

Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Information from DePuy

DePuy Spine — 2004-09-28 14:25:49 GMT

Overview of this spinal arthritic condition includes anatomy (with diagrams), causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Cervical Spine in Ankylosing Spondylitis Wheeless

Wheeless — 2007-09-24 14:25:49 GMT

Disussion:

- patients with ankylosing spondylitis are prone to C-spine fracture following minor trauma;
- acute neck pain in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis is usually caused by a fracture through the ankylosed spine;
- site of involvement is most commonly near cervicothoracic junction (or C6-7);
- the fracture may extend thru the disc space or may extend thru all columns;
- there may be significant change in neck alignment;
- epidural hematoma may contribute to spinal cord injury;

fracture of cervical spine in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis

efthimios andreadis — 2008-04-09 14:25:49 GMT

A patient with thirty years history of ankylosing spondylitis sustained a head and neck injury after a fall.He was transmitted to the emergency department .His GCS was 15 with no findings in neurological examination.He had x-rays of the head and neck which considered normal and the patient discharged from the hospital.The patient for the next three months complained for neck pain and numbness of the upper arms
and had new x-rays and MRI which revealed a burst fracture of C7 vertebra.The patient is treated in a cervical collar Philadelphia type and is examined every month.
Fractures of cervical spine are obtained easily in patients with ankylosing spondylitis even after a minor trauma due to osteoporosis and altered embiomechanics . Most of them have fractures in the C6-C7 vertabra and are three- column fractures.Doctors must have in mind this serious complication of ankylosing spondylitis

Orthopaedic Management of Ankylosing Spondylitis

Kubiak et al — 2007-09-24 14:25:49 GMT

J Am Acad Orthop Surg, Vol 13, No 4, July/August 2005, 267-278. Full Text available to members. Abstract free
Erik N. Kubiak, MD, Ronald Moskovich, MD, Thomas J. Errico, MD and Paul E. Di Cesare, MD
Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that affects an estimated 350,000 persons in the United States and 600,000 in Europe, primarily Caucasian males in the second through fourth decades of life. Worldwide, the prevalence is 0.9%. Genetic linkage to HLA-B27 has been established. Ankylosing spondylitis primarily affects the axial skeleton and is characterized by inflammation and fusion of the sacroiliac joints, spine, and hips. The resultant deformity leads to severe functional impairment in approximately 30% of patients. Orthopaedic management primarily involves correction of hip deformity through total hip arthroplasty and, less frequently, correction of spinal deformity with spine osteotomy. Closing wedge osteotomies have the lowest incidence of complications. Whether patients with ankylosing spondylitis are at increased risk for heterotopic ossification remains controversial, but comparison with age- and sex-matched counterparts suggests no dramatically higher risk. Because of the high rate of missed fractures and complications after minor trauma in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, plain radiographs are usually not sufficient for evaluation. Thorough patient assessment should include a comprehensive history, physical examination, and laboratory studies.