Spinal Dysraphism (Subscribe)  

Clinical presentation: 6 month girl born with spastic paraplegia and dislocation of the right hip. Anal sphincter, poor tone. There was skin pigmentation over the lower lumbar spine, posteriorly.
There is a scoliosis with the point of maximal curvature at the level of the lowest thoracic vertebrae. There is a widened interpedicular...

Core Curriculum
Objectives
1. Define myelodysplasia, and list two separate clinical presentations of myelodysplasia
2. Describe the relationship of myelomeningocele with anencephaly
3. Describe the range of clinical severity in patients with myelomeningocele
4. Discuss the relationship of orthopaedic problems accompanying myelomeningocele...

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("spina bifida"[All Fields] OR (("meningomyelocele"[TIAB] NOT Medline[SB]) OR "meningomyelocele"[MeSH Terms] OR myelomeningocele[Text Word]) OR (("myelodysplastic syndromes"[TIAB] NOT Medline[SB]) OR "myelodysplastic syndromes"[MeSH Terms] OR myelodysplasia[Text Word]) OR "spinal dysraphism"[All Fields]) AND ("BMC Musculoskelet Disord"[Journal] OR "Bull Hosp Jt...

Failure of spinal or neural tube fusion
The first feature to appear on the embryological plate is the neural groove that deepens with in-folding of its edges to form the neural tube. The openings of the tube close at 26-28 days after conception. Failure of closure at the top end causes...

Spinal dysraphism can be classified as closed forms or open forms, which include myelocele, meningocele, and myelomeningocele. These open forms are often associated with hydrocephalus and Arnold-Chiari malformation type II and may be classified as spina bifida aperta. Von Recklinghausen (1886) gave a detailed account of spina bifida cystica (aperta)....