Orthopedics > OCOSH Classification > Bone Diseases > Orthopaedic Oncology > Connective and Soft Tissue Neoplasms > Muscle Tissue Neoplasms > Myosarcoma > Rhabdomyosarcoma

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A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar ( RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal ( RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9)

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Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma 01 General Information

Location: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/childrhabdomyosarcoma/healthprofessional

This cancer treatment information summary provides an overview of the prognosis, diagnosis, classification, staging, and treatment of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.
The National Cancer Institute provides the PDQ pediatric cancer treatment information summaries as a public service to increase the availability of evidence-based cancer information to health professionals, patients, and the public....
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Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma 02 Cellular Classification

Location: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/childrhabdomyosarcoma/HealthProfessional/page2

Cellular Classification:-
Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
Botryoid and spindle cell subtypes
Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma
Pleomorphic (Anaplastic) Rhabdomyosarcoma

Chromosomal and Molecular Characteristics
Rhabdomyosarcoma can be divided into several histologic subsets: embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, which has embryonal, botryoid, and spindle cell subtypes; alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma; and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma 03 Stage Information

Location: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/childrhabdomyosarcoma/HealthProfessional/page3

Staging of rhabdomyosarcoma is relatively complex. The process includes:
Assigning a local tumor Group (status postsurgical resection/biopsy).
Assigning stage (consider site, size, Group, presence/absence of metastases).
Assigning a risk group (consider stage, Group, and histology). This page gives details of the staging system used by the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee of the Childrens...
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Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma 04 Treatment Options

Location: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/childrhabdomyosarcoma/HealthProfessional/page4

Treatment Option Overview All children with rhabdomyosarcoma require multimodality therapy with systemic chemotherapy, in conjunction with either surgery, radiation therapy, or both modalities for local tumor control.[1-3] This entails surgical resection, if feasible without major functional/cosmetic impairment, followed by chemotherapy.
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Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma 06 Recurrence

Location: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/childrhabdomyosarcoma/HealthProfessional/page6

Recurrent Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma
Although patients with recurrent or progressive rhabdomyosarcoma can sometimes achieve complete remission with secondary therapy, the long-term prognosis for most is poor. The prognosis is most favorable (50%–70%, 5-year survival rates) for children who initially presented with stage 1 or Group I disease and embryonal histology and whohave local or regional recurrence....
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Drugs aid in blocking growth of rhabdomyosarcoma

Location: http://www.stjude.org/oncology/0,13671,867_5622_21186,00.html

Drugs that block the activity of two molecules that are critical for triggering cell multiplication might be effective treatments for rhabdomyosarcoma, according to the results of a study done by St. Jude researchers. A report on this work appears in the May issue of Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressively...
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Primary Rhabdomyosarcoma Mimicking a Small Cell Sarcoma of Bone

Location: http://ijs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/6/2/61

International Journal of Surgical Pathology, Vol. 6, No. 2, 61-71 (1998) Primary Rhabdomyosarcoma Mimicking a Small Cell Sarcoma of Bone: A Nude Mice Xenograft, Cytogenetic, and Molecular Approach A. Llombart-Bosch, MD et al.
Small cell sarcomas of bone are difficult to classify and diagnose. The present case deals with such a tumor...
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Rhabdomyosacroma eMedicine Pediatrics

Location: http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2005.htm

Several distinct histologic groups have prognostic significance, including embryonal RMS (ERMS, which occurs in 55% of patients), the botryoid variant of ERMS (5% of patients), alveolar RMS (ARMS, 20% of patients), and undifferentiated sarcoma (UDS, 20% of patients). Treatment responses and prognoses vary widely depending on location and histology. Studies...
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Rhabdomyosarcoma Orphanet

Location: http://www.orpha.net//consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Lng=GB&Expert=780

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the commonest form of soft tissue sarcomas encountered in children, accounting for 4 to 8% of pediatric cancers. The median age of diagnosis is 5 years. There are two main histological subtypes of rhabdomyosarcoma: embryonal (80% of cases) and alveolar (15-20% of cases). Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor...
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Rhabdomyosarcoma Ped-Onc

Location: http://www.acor.org/ped-onc/diseases/rhabdo.html

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a fast-growing, highly malignant tumor which accounts for over half of the soft tissue sarcomas in children. Rhabdomyosarcoma tumors arise from a cell called a "rhabdomyoblast", which is a primitive muscle cell. Instead of differentiating into striated muscle cells, the rhabdomyoblasts grow out of control. Since this type...
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Rhabdomyosarcoma RMS LSSI

Location: http://liddyshriversarcomainitiative.org/Newsletters/V01N04/RMS/rms.htm

WHAT IS RMS? There are two kinds of muscle cells in the body: smooth muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells. Smooth muscles control involuntary activities; skeletal muscles control voluntary activities. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant tumor (“cancer”) that arises from a normal skeletal muscle cell. Not very much is known about...
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Rhabdomyosarcoma St Judes

Location: http://www.stjude.org/disease-summaries/0,2557,449_2167_3001,00.html

Patient information page from St Jude Childrens' Research Hospital
Definition - Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive soft tissue tumor that can arise virtually anywhere in the body.
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