Orthopedics > OCOSH Classification > Bone Diseases > Metabolic Bone Diseases

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Diseases in which bone metabolism is abnormal.
[OCOSH Code: D001851 50279003 E83 BD_MBD]

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Mucolipidoses (5)
A group of inherited metabolic diseases characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of acid mucopolysaccharides, sphingolipids, and/or glycolipids in visceral and mesenchymal cells. Abnormal amounts of sphingolipids or glycolipids are present in neural tissue. Mental retardation and skeletal changes, most notably dysostosis multiplex, occur frequently.
MeSH Search Term "Mucolipidoses"[mesh]
ICD-10 Code E75 Disorders of sphingolipid metabolism and other lipid storage disorders
SNOMED-CT Term Mucolipidosis (disorder) Concept ID: 70528007
OCOSH Code: D009081 70528007 E75 BD_MBM_ML
Osteomalacia (12)
A condition marked by softening of the bones (due to impaired mineralization, with excess accumulation of osteoid), with pain, tenderness, muscular weakness, anorexia, and loss of weight, resulting from deficiency of vitamin D and calcium. (Dorland, 27th ed)
MeSH Search Term "Osteomalacia"[mesh]
ICD-10 Code M83 Adult osteomalacia
SNOMED-CT term Osteomalacia (disorder) Concept ID: 4598005
OCOSH Code: D010018 4598005 M83 BD_MBD_OM
Osteoporosis (64)
Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.
MeSH Search Term "Osteoporosis"[mesh]
ICD-10 Code M81 Osteoporosis without pathological fracture
SNOMED-CT Term Osteoporosis (disorder) Concept ID: 64859006
OCOSH Code: D010024 64859006 M81 BD_MBD_OP
Pagets (30)
Paget's Disease of Bone, Osteitis Deformans
MeSH Search Term "Osteitis, Deformans"[mesh] Paget's Disease of Bone is an entry term
ICD-10 Code M88 Paget's disease of bone [osteitis deformans]
SNOMED-CT term Osteitis deformans (disorder) Concept ID: 2089002
Synonyms - Osteitis deformans
Paget's disease of bone
Osteitis deformans (disorder)
OCOSH Code: D010001 2089002 M88 BD_MBD_PD
Pathologic Bone Demineralization (11)
Decrease, loss, or removal of the mineral constituents of bones. Temporary loss of bone mineral content is especially associated with space flight, weightlessness, and extended immobilization. OSTEOPOROSIS is permanent, includes reduction of total bone mass, and is associated with increased rate of fractures. CALCIFICATION, PHYSIOLOGIC is the process of bone remineralizing.
MeSH Search Term "Bone Demineralization, Pathologic"[mesh]
OCD-10 Code M81.9 Osteoporosis, unspecified
SNOMED-CT Term Astronaut-bone demineralization syndrome (disorder) Concept ID: 129566001
OCOSH Code: D018488 129566001 M81.9 BD_MBD_PBD
Pseudohypoparathyroidism (7)
A hereditary condition clinically resembling HYPOPARATHYROIDISM, but caused by failure of response to rather than deficiency of parathyroid hormones. It is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, and is commonly associated with short stature, obesity, short metacarpals, and ectopic calcification.
MeSH Search Term "Pseudohypoparathyroidsim"[mesh]
MeSH Search Term ""[mesh]
ICD-10 Code E20.1 Pseudohypoparathyroidism
SNOMED-CT Term Pseudohypoparathyroidism (disorder) Concept ID: 58976002
Synonyms - stitutional chronic hypocalcemia
Familial pseudohypoparathyroidis
Parathyroid hormone resistant hypoparathyroidism
Albright hereditary osteodystrophy
Constitutional chronic hypocalcaemia
Pseudohypoparathyroidism (disorder)
OCOSH Code: D011547 58976002 E20.1 BD_MBD_PHP
Renal Osteodystrophy (9)
Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3 synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.
MeSH Search Term "Renal Osteodystrophy"[mesh]
ICD-10 Code N25.0 Renal osteodystrophy
SNOMED-CT Term Renal osteodystrophy (disorder) Concept ID: 16726004
Synonyms - Renal osteodystrophy
Renal rickets
Renal bone disease
ROD - Renal osteodystrophy
Renal osteodystrophy (disorder)
OCOSH Code: D012080 16726004 N25.0 BD_MBD_REN
Rickets (19)
A condition caused by deficiency of VITAMIN D, especially in infancy and childhood, with disturbance of normal ossification. The disease is marked by bending and distortion of the bones under muscular action, by the formation of nodular enlargements on the ends and sides of the bones, by delayed closure of the fontanels, pain in the muscles, and sweating of the head. Vitamin D and sunlight together with an adequate diet are curative, provided that the parathyroid glands are functioning properly.
MeSH Search Term "Rickets"[mesh]
ICD-10 Code E55.0 Rickets, active
SNOMED-CT Term Rickets (disorder) Concept ID: 41345002
OCOSH Code: D012279 41345002 E55.0 BD_MBD_RICK

Resources

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Abnormalities associated with Vitamin D

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/abnormalities_associated_with_vitamin_d

Discussion: - primary function of 1,25 OH2D3) is to maintain skeletal homeostasis as well as for maintenance of plasma Ca homeostasis; - primary effect of...
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Metabolic Bone Diseases

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/metabolic_bone_diseases

Sections on - Bone multicellular units Calcium supplements: Calcitonin Differential Dx Estrogen: HyperPTH / HypoPTH HypoCa / HyperCa Hypophosphatemic Vitamin D-resistant rickets Hyperthyroidism ...
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Bone multicellular units

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/bone_multicellular_units

- generalized pathologic processes in bone can be best understood by understanding how these processes alter the normal sequence of bone remodeling as described in the previous chapter; - bone remodeling occurs in local groups of osteoblasts and...
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Calcitonin

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/calcitonin_salmon_calcimar_miacalcin_nasal_spray

- contraindicated w/ clinical allergy, must periodically examine urine sediment with chronic use; - for symptomatic Paget's Disease of bone, hypercalcemia, post-menopausal osteoporosis (in addition to supplemental calcium, adequate vitamin D intake, and adequate diet);
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Calcium supplements

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/calcium_supplements

calcium content of various supplements: - 8 oz of milk: 250-300 mg (and also contains 100 international units of vitamin D); - 1 gm of calcium is present in ...
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HyperCalcemia

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/hypercalcemia

Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics Discussion: - physical properties - state in body fluids - calcium is a necessary & important addition to cell membranes, giving strength to these structures and regulating permeability; ...
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Hyperparathyroidism

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/hyperparathyroidism

Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics Discussion: - a disorder which is caused by excessive production of parathyroid hormone which leads to hypercalcemia, recurrent nephrolithiasis, pancreatitis, peptic ulcers, and mental changes; - incidence of approx...
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Hyperviaminosis POSNA Study Guide

Location: http://www.posna.org/education/StudyGuide/hypervitaminosis.asp

Hypervitaminosis Objectives 1. List the two vitamins most often associated with hypervitaminosis in children 2. Describe the major lifethreatening effects of these hypervitaminoses
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Hypoparathyroidism

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/hypoparathyroidism

Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics Discussion: - most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is inadvertant damage or removal of the parathyroids during surgical removal of the thyroid; - in idiopathic cases, look for ectodermal...
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Management of HypoCalcemia

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/management_of_hypocalcemia

Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics Discussion: - physical properties - state in body fluids - physiologic roles of calcium are well established; - abnormally low concentrations of Ca permit spontaneous discharges of both sensory & motor fibers in ...
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Osteoprotegerin and its Ligand: A New Paradigm for Regulation of Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption

Location: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/408911

In just 3 years, striking new advances have been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms that govern the crosstalk between osteoblasts/stromal cells and hemopoietic osteoclast precursor cells that leads to osteoclastogenesis. Led first by the discovery of osteoprotegerin (OPG), a naturally occurring protein with potent osteoclastogenesis inhibitory activity, rapid progress...
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Scurvy POSNA Study Guide

Location: http://www.posna.org/education/StudyGuide/scurvy.asp

Objectives
1. Describe the pathophysiology of scurvy
2. Describe presenting clinical symptoms and radiographic features of scurvy
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Vit D Discussion Wheeless

Location: http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/vit_d_discussion

primary function of vitamin D is to maintain skeletal calcium homeostasis;
- promotes gut absorption of calcium (and absorption of phosphorous);
- promotes bone absorption;
...
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