Hyperparathyroidism

Description: Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics Discussion: - a disorder which is caused by excessive production of parathyroid hormone which leads to hypercalcemia, recurrent nephrolithiasis, pancreatitis, peptic ulcers, and mental changes; - incidence of approx 5 /10,000 pts per year; - usually affects adults over 50 yrs & occurs more commonly in females; - causes: - in most cases is due to single parathyroid adenoma (80% of patients); - malignant tumor: occurs in about 1% of patients with hyperparathyroidism; - occurs often in association w/ multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, and rarely to parathyroid carcinoma; - hyperparathyoidism is sometimes seen in renal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma